The popular smartphones brands analyzed in this paper include iPhone 5, iPhone 6, Blackberry Z10, Samsung Galaxy Note 3, Nokia Lumia 930, and Lenovo A536. This paper focuses on the analysis of multimedia files created on the most popular smartphones in order to ascertain the source and examine whether the files are original or edited through these devices. Therefore, it is crucial for forensic examiners to have the capability of recovering, analyzing, and authenticating the source of multimedia contents stored on these devices. The use of smartphones for this purpose makes these mobile phones rich sources of evidence. A significant number of cybercrimes pertain to illicit possession, modification, and distribution of multimedia files. With the emergence of smartphones and the widespread use of social media services, distribution of multimedia files over the Internet, and using mobile phones, has increased exponentially over the past few years. We ultimately prove that the metadata within a file offers the potential to include data that can be used to prove integrity, authenticity and provenance of the digital content within the file. There is an advantage of having the digital certificate as an integral part of the file to which it applies and consequently travelling with the file. References to the issuing company can be inserted into the metadata for the file. Where changes do take place, this is generally in the metadata area and does not affect the encoded image data which is the heart of the file and the part that needs to be verifiable. Notwithstanding variations between devices and across operating systems and applications, a JPEG file holds its structure very well. We demonstrate that a digital certificate relating to an image file can be inserted inside that image file along with accompanying metadata containing references to the issuing company. Much of the work to date on this has focused on stenographic ways of hiding information using least significant bit techniques but we believe that the findings in this project have exposed other ways of doing this. Due to their massive popularity, image files, especially JPEG, offer high high potential as carriers of other information.
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